Some quotes on Management I like (thanks to Robert Morris, amazon reviewer)
What do leaders do? (John P. Kotter)
Comment: "Institutionalizing a leadership-centered culture is the ultimate act of leadership."
How do managers and leaders differ? (Abraham Zaleznik)
Comment: "Managers see themselves as conservators and regulators of an existing order of affairs with which they personally identify and from which they gain rewards [whereas] leaders tend to be twice-born personalities, people who feel separate from their environment."
How do "defining moments" help to develop character? (Joseph L. Badaracco, Jr.)
Comment: "Defining moments force us to find a balance between our hearts in all their idealism and our jobs in all their messy reality."
What are the ways in which CEOs lead? (Charles M. Farkas and Suzy Wetlaufer)
Comment: "No matter where a company is located or what it makes, its CEO must develop a guiding, overarching philosophy about how he or she can best add value.... A leadership approach is a coherent, explicit style of management, not a reflection of personal style. This is a critical distinction."
Why are there so few great managers? (Thomas Teal)
Comment: "Great management involves courage and tenacity. It closely resembles heroism."
How to lead others during adaptive change? (Ronald A. Heifetz and Donald L. Laurie)
Comment: "Solutions to adaptive challenges reside not in the executive suite but in the collective intelligence of employees at all levels."
"Whatever happened to the take-charge manager?" (Nitin Nohria and James D. Berkley)
Comment: "Pragmatists understand that it is unrealistic to try to avoid uncertainty. Attempts to deny or ignore it can blind managers to the real contexts in which they are working and prevent them from responding effectively."
Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Wednesday, May 13, 2009
Monday, April 27, 2009
Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Mr.S.Ishi, Project General Manager for the software division at Toyota. He was very nice and gave us a lot of good information. He was extremely humble and likeable. It's now 1.30am so I will have to post some more on this tour later. A quick summary was that they were applying some Toyota Production System (TPS) thinking to their software cycle but otherwise it was mainly waterfall and some spiral process. In some ways the Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) seems to flow into a waterfall. One thing he said early was that "Key success = mutual understanding between a manager and an engineer". One of their struggles seemed to be with engaging management.
More Toyota Plant:
Stop here if you are already bored but someone might find this interesting. The Andon board for all the assembly lines has numbers indicating the Plan for right now, the actual state, The plan for the shift and the % production achieved to target. I think this is right anyway.
Little lights hang over each car assembly area station that are green, orange and red. You can guess what these mean and I explained the orange and red earlier (ha, I knew you weren't paying attention). I was surprised that they didn't stop the line every time they found an issue. I had some romantic notions that were dispelled during the tour. It was hard to figure out how Kaizen (continual improvement) really worked in practice as we saw orange and red lights go off but it wasn't some dramatic swarming event. They seemed to fix stuff as it all kept moving while we were there. Production was at 450 cars per day. It has been lowered due to the economy. Apparently they use some of the slack time to make improvements. We did hear that it was up to the workers to make improvements on their own time which was a little at odds with the other statement. We suspected that due to a 2007 ruling that Toyota had to pay for overtime that this might be the reason it was voluntary and out of hours. We hope to find out more about this on Friday when we talk to an ex chief-engineer from Toyota. We are told there are up to 20,000 Kaizen improvements per year by the guide. The shifts are 7.5 hours.
They have a little play area to try your hand at different skills. It's fun. They also have some little plagues around with workers medals displayed for various honours.
We see Poke Yoke (mistake proofing) in action. The robots have validation tests built in and will also set off the alarms automatically if there are any aberrations.
Stop here if you are already bored but someone might find this interesting. The Andon board for all the assembly lines has numbers indicating the Plan for right now, the actual state, The plan for the shift and the % production achieved to target. I think this is right anyway.
Little lights hang over each car assembly area station that are green, orange and red. You can guess what these mean and I explained the orange and red earlier (ha, I knew you weren't paying attention). I was surprised that they didn't stop the line every time they found an issue. I had some romantic notions that were dispelled during the tour. It was hard to figure out how Kaizen (continual improvement) really worked in practice as we saw orange and red lights go off but it wasn't some dramatic swarming event. They seemed to fix stuff as it all kept moving while we were there. Production was at 450 cars per day. It has been lowered due to the economy. Apparently they use some of the slack time to make improvements. We did hear that it was up to the workers to make improvements on their own time which was a little at odds with the other statement. We suspected that due to a 2007 ruling that Toyota had to pay for overtime that this might be the reason it was voluntary and out of hours. We hope to find out more about this on Friday when we talk to an ex chief-engineer from Toyota. We are told there are up to 20,000 Kaizen improvements per year by the guide. The shifts are 7.5 hours.
They have a little play area to try your hand at different skills. It's fun. They also have some little plagues around with workers medals displayed for various honours.
We see Poke Yoke (mistake proofing) in action. The robots have validation tests built in and will also set off the alarms automatically if there are any aberrations.
The Toyota Plant
We now leave the pictorial portion to go to Toyota. You can't take pictures so I made a lot of sketches instead. We have a guide who has the tour process down and leads us around to various stations and tells us about the plant. The first thing you notice is how clean everything is. The second is how visual and audio are used to help track, display and communicate. Large boards are everywhere explaining what parts of the plant are for, Andon boards to show status on production including incidents, cars on assembly lines and then some large random cartoon like billboards of children fishing, skiing etc. I asked what the latter were for and were told "oh, for fun!". Good enough.
The whole place is one large choreography. It's like going to "Toyota the musical" and I also feel like I've stepped into Ompa Loompa land (Willy Wonkas Chocolate factory). It's a little surreal and the music is fairly constant. By music I mean the small world (in this case slightly tinny sounding Fur Elise amongst other gems) soundtrack. Music is used for a couple of things. One is to sound if a machine/vehicle is backing up, others are unique to each assembly line to indicate if there are problems. If an issue is spotted or automatically found the sound will go off, and lights will flash and dashboards (Andon boards) will update. Yellow signifies a problem is found and if it is not resolved before the vehicle reaches the next station then the light will turn red. This can trigger the "stop the line" affect we have heard a lot about.
They have little carts moving all over the place. The factory is half man half machine in action and all seem to act in harmony. They use carts to carry all the supplies such as drills, screws etc and when these are emptied they go through a cleaning machine on the floor. They clean up as they go everywhere (refactoring anyone?).
They have cables running over the heads of the workers that can be pulled if issues are spotted, one on each side above the conveyor belts. Interestingly the size of each assembly line can be shortened which can create more or less buffer to even out the work flow.
On the hood/bonnet of a car is a Kanban card with all the car information. At the beginning when there is the shell and not much else an RFID box is fitted beneath the car. This contains and tracks all the specifications for what the car needs to have added and has already had done. This moves to the roof later on. It helps the robots figure out what to do. I hope they put in the Asimov mod as it is all way too smart to be left alone otherwise.
They have such cool little ways of moving things around. Little flat dollies scuttle under the main carts with supplies (doors etc) on rails if they aren't been used to take the carts further down. Apparently they are expensive to keep under the carts all the time so they shoot where needed as needed, just in time as it were.
Lots of little inspirational messages appear on the wall such as "Good thinking, Good product".
On the assembly lines a range of different cars flow through fairly seamlessly. One is a minivan, another a car thing (ok I'm not good with all the models but imagine other car things and you will be fine), and no two in the same model and colour appear yet. The workers attaching the doors fit them in different ways but do it so effortlessly and everything is coordinated so well. We have seen this from the way people in stores make food, package items etc. It seems to be a national sport. We spot what we think are A3's on the wall behind the workers but it could also be pictures of their Robot king for all we know.
One thing I start to see everywhere is themes appearing in the design of practical items. For example the Andon board (think a dashboard with information on the assembly line) is shaped like a car with a clock fitted where one wheel is and another blank wheel shape used to balance it up. Ok so you don't have to do this and can you imagine doing this in the US or somewhere just for the fun of it? I noticed on the way back to the hotel today that even the manhole on the street is designed with a Sumaria warrieor engraving. Bit elaborate for most public works departments.
Everything is colour coded and we will see this appear later when we speak to the Toyota software division. Colour and sound pervade and help signal without words or text what needs to happen. This is incredibly fast and part of their secret sauce (ok not so secret but I don't see many others doing this).
We now leave the pictorial portion to go to Toyota. You can't take pictures so I made a lot of sketches instead. We have a guide who has the tour process down and leads us around to various stations and tells us about the plant. The first thing you notice is how clean everything is. The second is how visual and audio are used to help track, display and communicate. Large boards are everywhere explaining what parts of the plant are for, Andon boards to show status on production including incidents, cars on assembly lines and then some large random cartoon like billboards of children fishing, skiing etc. I asked what the latter were for and were told "oh, for fun!". Good enough.
The whole place is one large choreography. It's like going to "Toyota the musical" and I also feel like I've stepped into Ompa Loompa land (Willy Wonkas Chocolate factory). It's a little surreal and the music is fairly constant. By music I mean the small world (in this case slightly tinny sounding Fur Elise amongst other gems) soundtrack. Music is used for a couple of things. One is to sound if a machine/vehicle is backing up, others are unique to each assembly line to indicate if there are problems. If an issue is spotted or automatically found the sound will go off, and lights will flash and dashboards (Andon boards) will update. Yellow signifies a problem is found and if it is not resolved before the vehicle reaches the next station then the light will turn red. This can trigger the "stop the line" affect we have heard a lot about.
They have little carts moving all over the place. The factory is half man half machine in action and all seem to act in harmony. They use carts to carry all the supplies such as drills, screws etc and when these are emptied they go through a cleaning machine on the floor. They clean up as they go everywhere (refactoring anyone?).
They have cables running over the heads of the workers that can be pulled if issues are spotted, one on each side above the conveyor belts. Interestingly the size of each assembly line can be shortened which can create more or less buffer to even out the work flow.
On the hood/bonnet of a car is a Kanban card with all the car information. At the beginning when there is the shell and not much else an RFID box is fitted beneath the car. This contains and tracks all the specifications for what the car needs to have added and has already had done. This moves to the roof later on. It helps the robots figure out what to do. I hope they put in the Asimov mod as it is all way too smart to be left alone otherwise.
They have such cool little ways of moving things around. Little flat dollies scuttle under the main carts with supplies (doors etc) on rails if they aren't been used to take the carts further down. Apparently they are expensive to keep under the carts all the time so they shoot where needed as needed, just in time as it were.
Lots of little inspirational messages appear on the wall such as "Good thinking, Good product".
On the assembly lines a range of different cars flow through fairly seamlessly. One is a minivan, another a car thing (ok I'm not good with all the models but imagine other car things and you will be fine), and no two in the same model and colour appear yet. The workers attaching the doors fit them in different ways but do it so effortlessly and everything is coordinated so well. We have seen this from the way people in stores make food, package items etc. It seems to be a national sport. We spot what we think are A3's on the wall behind the workers but it could also be pictures of their Robot king for all we know.
One thing I start to see everywhere is themes appearing in the design of practical items. For example the Andon board (think a dashboard with information on the assembly line) is shaped like a car with a clock fitted where one wheel is and another blank wheel shape used to balance it up. Ok so you don't have to do this and can you imagine doing this in the US or somewhere just for the fun of it? I noticed on the way back to the hotel today that even the manhole on the street is designed with a Sumaria warrieor engraving. Bit elaborate for most public works departments.
Everything is colour coded and we will see this appear later when we speak to the Toyota software division. Colour and sound pervade and help signal without words or text what needs to happen. This is incredibly fast and part of their secret sauce (ok not so secret but I don't see many others doing this).
Ok so I officially have a ridiculous amount of loom pictures. It made sense at the time I promise you. I selected the most interesting ones.
The little metal things at the top left are what drop down to stop the loom when a thread breaks or slackens. They still use them today. The second shot is Reza from Crisp playing with a loom. They let you do stuff to keep you interested.
The third picture is the stop the line (jidoka) loom.
We have officially arrived at the Toyota Commemorative museum of Industry and Technology. People stand around taking tourista photos.
Monday, April 20, 2009
Day one of the Lean Tour in Japan.We went to Fujitsu and met with the CEO of their software subsidiary. They are applying the Toyota Production System (TPS) to their software development process. The interesting thing is that they were lean in parts, but not Agile, at least by most people's definition of it.
The CEO led the first part of the presentation and was not only committed to improving through Kaizen but also to sharing the knowledge. That he took an hour out of his day to meet with us was a amazing when I'm used to many CEOs being silent busy shadows behind closed doors.
It appeared they were creating a templatised solution for building web pages quickly by taking elements such as buttons, specific page layouts etc and creating modular elements that they can re-use/customise and build sites quickly. As the elements were standardised and helped them to create estimates that were fairly close with low variance. They do detailed tracking via via timesheets. It was a fairly linear phased approach in many ways but perhaps appropriate for the current situation. The phased development approach can work is known, sequential in nature and fairly simple and you then automate as much as possible. It took a little time to remove the filter I see the world in terms of Agile and lean in the way I've applied it but actually the whole talk was more interesting as it wasn't perfect.
They were actively measuring the changes they were making and had a statistician/mathematician on staff whose job it was to collect and analyse data from the teams and trending the data over time.
The first interesting point of the presentation that I forgot until Mary Poppendieck bought it up last night, was that they showed a transition from "people" to "process". This is an ongoing debate in the lean community and a slightly muddy area, does a good process help mediocre people, or do good people with a broken process make headway? Interesting that they were approaching it as a system problem. The reality looked like a flattening of hierarchies and people working on slices to build products. Due to the translation and depth of some of the questions it wasn't always clear so some assumptions might be incorrect.
The estimation and detail they went to was interesting. They had tried function points and moved to their own lighter weight version called a Function Scale. They break down elements from the UI and create a scale for estimating that is consistent across the development group. It is fast, being done in a couple of minutes over half an hour or more.
I was curious if they had run into problems with creating more complex applications, dealing with infrastructure and R&D/innovation work and from the response (more body language than verbal) there were some areas to improve, but it was hard to dig deeply into it in the time we had.
More posts on this soon, it's late here. Tomorrow is the Toyota plant and museum. Time to see the famous Toyoda loom.
Friday, February 20, 2009
Saturday, February 14, 2009
I'm looking into the visual metaphor to help people understand without the written word. I see way too many powerpoints made by engineers that make me sleepy. Presentation Zen has some good tips http://www.presentationzen.com/
I never get to read everything I want to. I suppose it is about time management but I never have the time to get around to managing it in the first place.
I never get to read everything I want to. I suppose it is about time management but I never have the time to get around to managing it in the first place.
Thursday, February 12, 2009
The HICSS conference is in Kauai next year and the submission deadline is Feb 15, so not far away. More info at: http://www.hicss.hawaii.edu/
I am co-chairing with Jeff Sutherland and it would be good to see more Agile/lean research papers and interesting topics. We are aiming for a full day track next year with a possible research panel. Let me know if you want some more information on it.
I am co-chairing with Jeff Sutherland and it would be good to see more Agile/lean research papers and interesting topics. We are aiming for a full day track next year with a possible research panel. Let me know if you want some more information on it.
Monday, February 09, 2009
Finally blogging...
My friend Eric Evans (http://tinyurl.com/ericevans) decided I needed to blog over beer at the Blue Anchor in Hammersmith on the weekend. He thought my stream of consciousness would be perfect for blogging. Translated this means: "your ranting conversation would be best thrown out to the masses of people with nothing better to do than read blogs and would allow me to finish my beer peacefully". Thanks Eric, I owe you one:)
This has been a long while coming. I owe it also to being a fervent hater of what I call the "stalker" applications ala twitter and facebook. After biting the bullet (surely a strange saying?!) and using them for a couple of weeks I ended up becoming addicted. I figure what the heck, in about two hundred years when we all retire we can look back nostalgically and add up our collective blog/twitter/other social media site posts and realise where our lives went. Nice.
My friend Eric Evans (http://tinyurl.com/ericevans) decided I needed to blog over beer at the Blue Anchor in Hammersmith on the weekend. He thought my stream of consciousness would be perfect for blogging. Translated this means: "your ranting conversation would be best thrown out to the masses of people with nothing better to do than read blogs and would allow me to finish my beer peacefully". Thanks Eric, I owe you one:)
This has been a long while coming. I owe it also to being a fervent hater of what I call the "stalker" applications ala twitter and facebook. After biting the bullet (surely a strange saying?!) and using them for a couple of weeks I ended up becoming addicted. I figure what the heck, in about two hundred years when we all retire we can look back nostalgically and add up our collective blog/twitter/other social media site posts and realise where our lives went. Nice.